A special variety of moringa, known as PKM-1, is playing a transformative role in improving farmer incomes and combating malnutrition in several African countries such as Senegal, Rwanda, and Madagascar. While this variety is also cultivated in India—especially in Tamil Nadu—Indian farmers are yet to fully reap its commercial benefits.
The PKM-1 variety of Moringa oleifera is rich in macro and micronutrients found in its leaves and flowers. These parts are used extensively in African countries to combat malnutrition, particularly among children. According to The Hindu, although this variety is also grown in Tamil Nadu, local farmers have yet to tap into the lucrative international market.
The Horticulture College and Research Institute in Periyakulam, Dindigul district, developed the PKM-1 variety in the late 1980s. Prior to its development, India had six native perennial moringa varieties, which, while long-lasting, were not commercially viable. Currently, PKM-1 is cultivated across nearly 5,000 acres in the Dindigul region.
PKM-1 is an annual crop that can yield up to 20 tonnes per acre each year. It begins bearing fruit within six months and continues producing high yields for up to three years with proper care. Some trees can produce as much as 37 kilograms of pods annually. Despite its potential, farmers face challenges in securing fair prices due to the lack of cold storage and preservation infrastructure in the region.
Lack of Processing Facilities: Although the leaves of moringa are considered a valuable sub-product and can be processed into powder, there is a significant lack of local processing units. This limits the farmers’ ability to add value and target international buyers.
The Way Forward: Market Identification and Farmer Collectives: Experts believe that India can increase its share in the global moringa market by organizing farmers and identifying international demand centers. If self-help groups are equipped with proper tools and training, they could process and export nutrient-rich moringa leaf powder, thus improving farmer incomes and boosting rural economies.
