Groundnut cultivation begins with healthy soil. The first step for farmers is conducting a soil test, which helps identify the presence and deficiency of essential nutrients. Based on these results, the right quantity of fertilizers can be applied, ensuring that the crop receives adequate nourishment.
Groundnut is one of India’s major oilseed crops, widely used for edible oil and as a rich source of protein. To achieve higher yields, plants require three primary nutrients:
Nitrogen: Essential for the growth of leaves and stems.
Phosphorus: Supports root development and flower formation.
Potash: Improves plant health and enhances disease resistance.
Nitrogen (N): 50–60 kg per hectare
Phosphorus (P): 25–30 kg per hectare
Potash (K): 50–60 kg per hectare
Apply nitrogen in two splits—once at the time of sowing and again at the flowering stage.
Mix phosphorus and potash into the soil during land preparation to ensure easy root absorption.
Avoid excess nitrogen, as it promotes leafy growth but reduces pod formation.
Role of Organic Fertilizers:
Alongside chemical fertilizers, the use of organic inputs such as farmyard manure, compost, or vermicompost provides additional nutrition. These organic sources improve soil fertility, enhance moisture retention, and boost microbial activity, leading to long-term soil health.
Importance of Irrigation and Drainage:
Fertilizers show results only when plants can absorb them properly. Timely irrigation is crucial, but waterlogging must be avoided, as groundnut plants are highly sensitive to excess moisture. Proper drainage systems help maintains ideal soil conditions for healthy crop growth.
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